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"Assistance of Peasants to the Russian Imperial Navy During the Crimean War"

Alliluyeva, Natalia Alekseevna

Abstract

The article examines the contribution of peasants to the rise of patriotic sentiments during the Crimean War in Russia. According to the results of the sources studied, it was noted that among the benefactors it was possible to meet both representatives of the ruling imperial family and peasants. Emperors Nicholas I and Alexander II supported the patriotic sentiments of the population of the Russian Empire. Russians donated money, medicines and other things necessary during the fighting. The Russian Imperial Fleet received special attention from benefactors of all classes. The fact is that the defenders of the fortress of Sevastopol had to flood the sailing ships of the Black Sea Fleet at the entrance to the bay, which did not have the ability to effectively resist the steamships that were in service with the enemy. The fate of the Russian fleet excited the Russian public and led to numerous donations in favor of the sailors who defended the city of Sevastopol. The official publication of the Russian naval department - the magazine "Marine Sbornic" regularly published extensive lists of nobles, merchants, clergy and peasants who donated sums of money and material values to Russian sailors. It is in the "Marine Sbornic" that the names of benefactors belonging to the peasants who made up the vast majority of the population of the Russian Empire are contained. It should be noted that donations from peasants to the needs of the Russian Imperial Navy during the Crimean War (1853-1856) were massive. If we talk about farmers, they were in a special position among Russian benefactors. Actually, by their legal status, peasants were an object of law, i.e. they were practically a thing that could be bought, sold or inherited. Moreover, the growth of patriotism among the peasants during the Crimean War (1853-1856) can be considered a unique historical and social phenomenon. People who, by virtue of their class origin, had no rights on the territory of the Russian Empire, during the period of hostilities, patriotism and civic position were manifested, reflected in numerous donations for the army and, above all, the navy. Probably, in this particular case, we can talk about the birth of the foundations of Russian civil society.

Keywords: charity, patrons, Russian imperial family, peasants, war.

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Citation

Alliluyeva, Natalia Alekseevna "Assistance of Peasants to the Russian Imperial Navy During the Crimean War" Agrarian History, Number 12, 2022 P. 61 - 70. doi: 10.52270/27132447_2022_12_61